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ALTERNATIVE OLIGOPOLISTIC STRUCTURES IN INTERNATIONAL COMMODITY MARKETS: PRICE OR QUANTITY COMPETITION? AgEcon
Carter, Colin A.; MacLaren, Donald.
It has been shown in new trade theory that trade taxes/subsidies may be optimal in the case of oligopolistic markets. This result has relevance for international commodity markets because there is growing evidence of imperfect competition in commodity trade. However, it has also been demonstrated that the optimal strategic trade policy depends on whether the market is distinguished by Bertrand (price) or Cournot (quantity) competition. We argue that commodity markets may be characterised by either form of imperfect competition and also by product differentiation. As an illustration, we present a set of models of the Japanese market for beef imports in which account is taken of various forms of strategic interaction between Australian and United States...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Strategic trade theory; Imperfect competition; Oligopolistic international commodity markets; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51223
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Alternativní zemědělství - informační bulletin č.10 Organic Eprints
Urban, Jiri; Merta, Vlastimil; Plisek, Bedrich; Moudry, Jan; Vogtmann, Hartmut; Tabach, Arnost; Kvapilik, Jindrich; Pavelkova, Jirina.
Témata informačního bulletinu č.10 jsou: Ovocnářský ekologický podnik pana Jiřího Kargra, Ekologické ovocnářství, dojmy ze Švýcarska, úvahy o našich možnostech, Hrách v ekologickém zemědělství, Pěstování sladovnického ječmene pro výrobu biopiva, Vyvýšený záhon, Biozahrádka, Biologická ochrana ovocných stromů v sadech, Horské ekologické hospodářství Marianne a Paula Waldera.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Crop husbandry.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://orgprints.org/21921/1/Bulletin%20%C4%8D.10.PDF
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Altiplano. Buscador Latinoamericano
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: NOVELA BOLIVIANA.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://www.flacso.org.ec/biblio/shared/biblio_view.php?bibid=6454&tab=opac&oai:flacso.org.ec:6454
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AMENITY BENEFITS AND PUBLIC POLICY: AN APPLICATION TO THE CONNECTICUT DAIRY SECTOR AgEcon
Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Altobello, Marilyn A.; Shah, Farhed A..
This article develops a conceptual framework for analyzing the role of state-level policies towards the dairy sector in the presence of farmland amenity benefits, and applies it to Connecticut. Milk supply, demand and amenity benefit functions are estimated, and three exogenously determined milk prices are considered. The empirical findings show, under each price scenario, the extent to which land is underallocated to the dairy sector if amenity benefits are ignored. Analysis of policy options reveals that a partial production cost subsidy represents the least-cost alternative for attaining the socially optimal solution for the region.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Amenity benefits; Policy; Dairy; Land use; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15176
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Amido no megagametófito de Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze: degradação durante a germinação e desenvolvimento do esporófito Acta Botanica
Rosado,Rosa Maris; Ferreira,Alfredo Gui; Mariath,Jorge Ernesto de Araujo; Cocucci,Alfredo Elio.
O pinheiro brasileiro possui um diásporo de grandes dimensões, o pinhão, rico em reservas amiláceas. A mobilização dessas reservas pelo embrião foi quantificada em secções transversais do megagametófito, em cinco estágios de desenvolvimento da plântula, sob dois tratamentos, na luz e no escuro. Na luz, o consumo das reservas do megagametófito pela plântula é mais rápido do que no escuro e, existe uma tendência ao consumo do amido realizar-se primeiro na região do megagametófito próxima ao embrião.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Degradação do amido; Pinheiro do paraná; Semente; Anatomia; Luz/escuro.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33061994000100004
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Amorphophallus bonaccordensis, a new species of Araceae from India Naturalis
Sivadasan, M.; Mohanan, N.; Rajkumar, G..
Amorphophallus bonaccordensis, a new species belonging to Amorphophallus sect. Rhaphiophallus of the family Araceae, is described from India. The section is characterized by the presence of a zone of neuter flowers between the pistillate and staminate zones.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Ano: 1994 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/526188
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AN ADAPTIVE MODEL OF PERISHABLE INVENTORY DISSIPATION IN A NONSTATIONARY PRICE ENVIRONMENT AgEcon
Vukina, Tomislav; Anderson, James L..
The paper develops an adaptive model of perishable commodity dissipation based on the individual's price expectations and risk perception. A two-step, state-space procedure for modeling nonstationary time series is presented. The method combines an impulse response model for estimating deterministic components with an innovations model for the remaining stationary stochastic noise. Combined parameters are used to generate forecasts and to derive a measure of risk in a nonstationary price environment. Defined as the variance (covariance) of out-of-sample forecast error, the measure of risk is the difference between the historical estimate of the stationary noise auto-covariance and the variance (covariance) of out-of-sample forecasts. The optimal...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31318
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AN ANALYSIS OF CANADIAN RAIL MOVEMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES USING THE 1992 PUBLIC USE WAYBILL SAMPLE AgEcon
Fruin, Jerry E.; Halbach, Daniel Walter.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13664
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AN ANALYSIS OF FARMERS' POLICY ATTITUDES AND PREFERENCES FOR FREE TRADE AgEcon
Kastens, Terry L.; Goodwin, Barry K..
This study evaluates the attitudes of U.S. (Kansas) farmers regarding "free-trade" and "free-market" policy environments. In contrast to earlier studies, non-specific policy attitudes are evaluated. A direct measure of farm program benefits is also included. Attitudes vary significantly with farm and operator characteristics. Support for free trade was shown to decrease with education and experience, to increase for farms with relatively more rented land, and to increase as total farm wealth increased. Support for free-trade was also higher for crop farms. Farms receiving more government payments are less likely to favor a free-trade policy environment.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Producer attitudes; International trade; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15186
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AN ANALYSIS OF POLICY ALTERNATIVES TO THE DAIRY PRICE SUPPORT PROGRAM AgEcon
Kaiser, Harry M..
This paper investigates the impacts of alternative federal dairy policies on the U.S. dairy sector. In addition to the current dairy price support program, five alternatives are investigated: (1) immediate deregulation, (2) gradual deregulation, (3) target price-deficiency payment program without supply control, (4) target price-deficiency payment program with supply control, and (5) mandatory supply control. An econometric model of the national dairy industry is used to simulate quarterly equilibrium price and quantity values at the farm and wholesale levels for each policy over the period 1980-90. Consumers are better off under both immediate and gradual deregulation, as well as the target price-deficiency payment scenarios because prices are lower,...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31440
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AN ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL CONSERVATION EFFORT OF CRP PARTICIPANTS IN THE STATE OF MISSOURI: A LATENT VARIABLE APPROACH AgEcon
Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.; Monson, Michael J..
This study investigated the influence of economic, personal, and attitudinal factors on the intended conservation effort of a sample of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) contract holders after their contracts have expired. Economic factors were found to dominate the decision about future conservation effort. Attitudes towards conservation were found to have no significant influence on the decision. This fact may relate to the recent changes in the regulatory environment brought about by the 1985 Food Security Act which changed conservation from a voluntary to regulated nature.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Conservation attitudes; Conservation effort; CRP; MIMIC; Missouri; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15426
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AN ANALYSIS OF U.S. DAIRY POLICY DEREGULATION USING AN IMPERFECT COMPETITION MODEL AgEcon
Suzuki, Nobuhiro; Kaiser, Harry M.; Lenz, John E.; Forker, Olan D..
An imperfect competition model of the U.S. milk market is developed for analyzing the impacts of dairy policy deregulation. Estimated degree-of-competition parameters indicate that the U.S. milk market has become more competitive over time. The usefulness of the model is demonstrated by showing the relative differences of dynamic simulation results of the imperfect competition model with the results of a conventional exogenous fluid differential model.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31313
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AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SELECTED PRODUCTIVITY LITERATURE AgEcon
Trueblood, Michael A..
"This paper annotates and cites literature that is relevant to...agricultural productivity analysis...[includes] agricultural productivity studies for all countries dating back to World War II."
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13580
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AN ANNOTATIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RESEARCH ON THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE AgEcon
Kaiser, Harry M..
Anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide and other "greenhouse" gases have the potential to substantially warm climates worldwide. While the timing and magnitude of global warming is uncertain, scientists on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predict that average global temperature may increase by 1.5- 4.5³C (2.7-8.1³F) over the next 100 years. Changes in precipitation will likely accompany any changes in temperature. However, the magnitude, and even direction of these changes is difficult to predict with much confidence on a regional basis. The agricultural sector may be profoundly affected by future changes in temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, and carbon dioxide concentrations. Over the past decade, there has been a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14100
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An Economic Analysis of Research and Technology Transfer of Millet, Sorghum, and Cowpeas in Niger AgEcon
Mazzucato, Valentina; Ly, Samba.
This study analyzes returns to investments in Niger's research and technology transfer system for millet, sorghum, and cowpea between 1975 and 1991. Sixty-eight percent of the country's public-sector outlays for agricultural research and 58% of its agricultural researchers were devoted to research on these three crops between 1986 and 1990. Most of this research was done by INRAN, the national agricultural research institute of Niger (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger).
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Millet; Sorghum; Cowpeas; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Downloads July 2008 - July 2009: 11; R11.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54730
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An emerging global civil society Buscador Latinoamericano
Miguel Darcy de Oliveira; Rajesh Tandon.; Oliveira, Miguel Darcy de.
Tipo: InteractiveResource Palavras-chave: SOCIEDAD.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://www.flacso.org.ec/biblio/shared/biblio_view.php?bibid=8874&tab=opac&oai:flacso.org.ec:8874
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AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF LOUISIANA SMALL FARMERS' INVOLVEMENT IN THE CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM AgEcon
McLean-Meyinsse, Patricia E.; Hui, Jianguo; Joseph, Randolph, Jr..
The study examines Louisiana small farmers' reasons for not participating in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), their awareness of the program, and their willingness to participate in the program. The results suggest that: farmers do not participate in the CRP if revenues from cropland are an important source of income, or if they are tenants; awareness is significantly related to education, income, race, and average return per acre; willingness is positively influenced by payment per acre, age, and farm status. Participation depends on whether payments per acre are comparable to the opportunity costs of removing cropland from production.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Binomial and multinomial logit models; Conservation Reserve Program; Nonparticipation; Small farmers; Socioeconomic characteristics; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15170
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An Environmentally Sound Belizean Agriculture- Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) Action AgEcon
Castaneda, Anselmo.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Belizean Agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45600
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An Examination of Farm Asset Returns AgEcon
Miller, Lynn H.; Sherrick, Bruce J..
A multi-factor capital asset pricing model is used to examine the return characteristics of physical assets comprising the farm asset portfolio. Physical assets analyzed are: 1) farm real estate; 2) machinery and motor vehicles; 3) crops stored on farm; and 4) livestock and poultry. Results for the years 1950-1990 indicate that unexpected inflation is more appropriate than the more commonly used realized inflation factor; and that the systematic risk component to these asset classes is, in general, low. Further, excess returns measures are significant for farmland, machinery, and crops stores on farm but not for livestock and poultry.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Capital asset pricing model (CAPM); Farm assets; Multi-factor models; Unexpected inflation; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Financial Economics.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62342
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An example of GIS potentiality for coastal zone management: preselection of submerged oyster culture areas near Marennes-Oleron (France) ArchiMer
Durand, H.; Guillaumont, Brigitte; Loarer, Ronan; Loubersac, Lionel; Heral, Maurice; Prou, Jean.
The Charente Maritime coast, in central western France, is the most important area for oyster and mussel production in Europe. High density, in this restricted intertidal area, induces low growing rate and socio-economic difficulties. One of the possible solutions is to shift some oysters from intertidal area to submerged areas. Bathymetry, sedimentology, hydrodynamism, fisheries and administrative rules are some conditions which are considered to establish the better selection of potential zone. The successive steps of setting up the prototype of GIS are presented: digitized traditional data from charts, extracted data from grid models (hydrodynmaic model), merging of thematic covers, proposal of favorable areas. The results are discussed especially on...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: GIS; Modelisation; Bathymetry; Sedimentology; Hydrodynamism; Marennes Oleron.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00017/12784/9725.pdf
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